1.) Ni bangahe imfungwa z'Abanyamerika zitanga ikirego kuri gahunda ya gereza ibafata mpiri?

27 kuri buri mfungwa 1.000 zitanga ikirego cya Leta cyangwa cya Leta zerekeye ubuvuzi bwabo.

Amakuru aturuka: Ishuri ryigisha amategeko muri kaminuza ya Michigan

https://www.law.umich.edu/facultyhome/margoschlanger/Documents/Publications/Inmate_Litigation_Results_National_Survey.pdf

2.) Abantu bangahe muri gereza muri Amerika?

Mu 2025, bivugwa ko abatuye muri gereza yo muri Amerika bagera kuri miliyoni 2. Iyi mibare ikubiyemo abantu bafungiye muri gereza za leta, gereza nkuru, gereza zaho, n’ibindi bigo ngororamuco. Raporo ya Politiki ya Gereza "Gufunga imbaga: Pie Pie 2025" itanga ibitekerezo byuzuye kuri aba baturage bafunzwe. Umubare w'abafungwa muri Amerika ni umwe mu bantu benshi ku isi, aho abantu 583 ku 100.000 bafunzwe.

https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2025.html#:~:text=Together%2C%20these%20systems%20hold%20nearly,centers%2C%20state%20psychiatric%20hospitals%2C%20and

3.) None, umubare wimfungwa zabanyamerika zitanga ikirego kijyanye no kuvurwa kwabo buri mwaka?

Miliyoni ebyiri zigabanijwe igihumbi zingana n'ibihumbi bibiri

Inshuro ibihumbi bibiri makumyabiri na karindwi bingana na 54.000

Buri mwaka, imfungwa z'Abanyamerika zigera ku 54.000 zitanga ikirego mu rukiko rwa leta cyangwa federasiyo ku bijyanye no kuvurwa kwabo buri mwaka.

4.) Ese imfungwa zose zahohotewe muri Amerika zitanga ikirego?

Niba warasomye igitabo cyanjye, uzi ko gahunda ya gereza izi neza icyo gukora kugirango imfungwa zishobore gutanga ikirego. Bahagaritse rwose ubushobozi bwanjye bwo kubarega. Dufatiye ku mubare w'imfungwa zahohotewe zidatanga ikirego, umubare nyawo w'imfungwa z'Abanyamerika zahohotewe muri gereza zo muri Amerika ziri hejuru cyane ya 54.000 - ni nyinshi cyane. Umubare w'imanza ntugarukira gusa ku bikorwa bya gereza byihishe, bidafite ishingiro, ahubwo n'ubushobozi bw'imfungwa bwo gutanga ikirego. Abagororwa bamwe ntibatanga ikirego ku ihohoterwa ryabo kubera ko badashaka ko bagaragara nk'intege nke cyangwa 'umutego'. Abandi bagororwa ntibazi gutanga ikirego kandi ntawe ubafasha. Ubujiji bwabo burabahagarika. Irindi tsinda rinini cyane ritigera ritanga ikirego ni abamugaye mu mutwe. Ntabwo gusa bafite ubushobozi bwo mumutwe bwo gusobanukirwa ibibabaho, tutibagiwe nicyo babikoraho. Igihe nari muri gereza, nasanze imfungwa zifite ibibazo byo mu mutwe ari zo zahohotewe cyane n'abashinzwe umutekano. Abazamu ntibatinyaga imfungwa 'Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe' kandi bahoraga babahohotera. Indwara ariko ni ukuri.

5.) Abagororwa babeshya ko bahohotewe?

Nari muri gereza imyaka irenga cumi n'ine nsanga kuvuga ko wahohotewe n'abakozi ba gereza byanze bikunze izindi mfungwa. Bituma imfungwa yinubira isa nkintege nke kandi akenshi itera iyo mfungwa kwitwa 'umutego' kubera gukoresha amategeko. Imitekerereze rusange mu mfungwa nuko ugomba gukomeretsa kumurinzi uwo ari we wese wakugirira nabi. Kwihorera muburyo bwo kwibasirwa kumubiri bishimwa nabagororwa, mugihe imanza zanze. Nubwo rero imfungwa zimwe zishobora kubeshya ku ihohoterwa, benshi ntibabeshya. Bashobora guhura n’ihohoterwa ry’umubiri haba ku bakozi ba gereza ndetse n’abandi bagororwa baza imbere yabo. Kubeshya ntibisanzwe.

6.) Amerika yaba ifite amategeko yashyizweho kugirango abuze imfungwa gutanga ikirego ku ihohoterwa ryabo n'abakozi ba gereza?

Nibyo, amategeko amwe arinda gahunda ya gereza kuburana, bigatuma abagororwa bigora kurega kubera kurenga ku itegeko nshinga cyangwa imiterere ya gereza. Itegeko rivugurura imanza za gereza (PLRA) ni urugero rwibanze rwamategeko. Itegeka ko abagororwa bananiwe gukemura ibibazo byose by’ubuyobozi mbere yo gutanga ikirego kijyanye n’imiterere ya gereza. Akenshi imfungwa zifungirwa mu bwigunge nta iposita cyangwa uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo by’ubuyobozi, bita 'akababaro', ku buryo badashobora gutanga ikirego. Ndasobanura uburyo ibi byankorewe mu gitabo cyanjye. Sisitemu ya gereza izi niba udashobora gutanga ibibazo, ntushobora na rimwe gutanga ikirego, bityo bagakoresha amayeri yihishe, yihishe nko gushyira imfungwa mu kato kugirango babuze intambwe yambere mu rubanza. Kwirinda ni igihe imfungwa ishyizwe muri kasho y’akato kandi abarinzi basabwa kudaha imfungwa impapuro zo gutanga ikirego no guta ibirego byanditse mu myanda aho kubitanga. Ibi nabikorewe muri gereza nkuru ya Raleigh, muri Karoline ya Ruguru kugira ngo ntazigera ntanga ikirego ku ihohoterwa nakoreweyo.

Hariho andi mategeko ya Leta abuza imfungwa gukurikirana imanza zerekeye ubuvuzi bwabo. Umucamanza wa federasiyo wenyine asoma buri kirego cy’imfungwa kandi afite ububasha bwo kukireka atumvise ibimenyetso niba abona ko ikirego ari 'igitangaza' cyangwa 'kwibeshya'. Iri tegeko ryemerera abakozi ba gereza guhohotera imfungwa bakora ikintu cyoroshye ko ari 'fantastique', nko gukoresha inkingi y'icyuma gukubita imfungwa. Nibindi byuho byo guhohotera gereza. Igihe cyose gahunda ya gereza ikora ikintu 'cyasaze', ntibashobora kuregwa. Ndaganira uko ibi byambayeho mu gitabo cyanjye.